Abstract
The article considers the modern realities of the current period of time caused by the fourth industrial revolution, the technology of which is inextricably linked to the digitalization. The existing trends can lead to a decrease in social well-being due to the loss of jobs due to the introduction of self-learning machines in production, as well as environmental degradation due to the increased demand for natural resources. These possible consequences actualize the search for models for the organization of production, among which in foreign practice are recognized industrial clusters and ecosystems. In the scientific environment the definition of criteria allowing to differentiate these concepts is an insufficiently studied question. The similarities and differences between the definitions of industrial clusters and industrial ecosystems have been analyzed. There is considered the ecosystem approach for industry in terms of Industry 4.0 and digitalization. Using the method of content analysis the publications were distributed in the system of National Electronic Library (eLibrary) from 2004 to 2020. There were defined the key criteria for a comparative analysis of the studied concepts: dynamism, flexibility, openness to outside challenges, objectives, participants, territory, process chain, innovation, organizational structure. The relationship between goals and effects for industrial clusters and industrial ecosystems has been illustrated. It has been inferred that there are significant differences in the conceptual apparatus of an industrial ecosystem and an industrial cluster. It has been substantiated that industrial ecosystems are an evolutionarily more perfect form of organizing the system of interaction between industrial organizations than industrial clusters
Highlights
The article considers the modern realities of the current period of time caused by the fourth industrial revolution, the technology of which is inextricably linked to the digitalization
The existing trends can lead to a decrease in social well-being due to the loss of jobs due to the introduction of self-learning machines in production, as well as environmental degradation due to the increased demand for natural resources. These possible consequences actualize the search for models for the organization of production, among which in foreign practice are recognized industrial clusters and ecosystems
It has been substantiated that industrial ecosystems are an evolutionarily more perfect form of organizing the system of interaction between industrial organizations than industrial clusters
Summary
Владивостокский государственный университет экономики и сервиса, Владивосток, Российская Федерация. Посредством метода контент-анализа произведено распределение публикаций в системе Национальной электронной библиотеки eLibrary c 2004 по 2020 г. Обосновано, что промышленные экосистемы являются эволюционно более совершенной формой организации системы взаимодействия промышленных организаций по сравнению с промышленными кластерами. В этой связи целью настоящего исследования является сравнение признаков, характерных для кластеров и промышленных экосистем. В научной литературе также встречается точка зрения о том, что экосистема является более совершенной формой организации взаимодействия по сравнению с кластером [4]. Первый этап контент-анализа включает поиск литературы в системе Национальной электронной библиотеки России eLibrary по ключевым словам «промышленный кластер», «кластер промышленности», «промышленная экосистема», «экосистема промышленности», «экосистема промышленных предприятий», «цифровая экосистема промышленности» в Российском индексе научного цитирования.
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More From: Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics
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