Финансовые инструменты обеспечения эффективности трансформационных процессов развития сельскохозяйственной отрасли

Abstract

Ensuring the effective development of transformational processes in the agricultural sector is currently one of the key tasks of the socio-economic policy of the Russian Federation. The processes of systemic transformation of the market agro-economy are aimed at ensuring a stable and balanced growth in agricultural production in the country as part of the implementation of the doctrine of food security. Using modern financial mechanisms for preferential lending to agricultural producers should contribute to the dynamic development of the industry by ensuring sufficient investment in fixed capital and timely provision of agricultural enterprises with short loans, the purpose of which is to support farmers “in the moment” taking into account a seasonality factor. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of agricultural production for 1990-2022 the distinctive features of the stages of transformation of the agricultural industry of the Russian Federation are determined. In the course of assessing the level of digitalization of the agricultural industry at the present stage of development it was revealed that the digitalization index and the intensity of the use of digital technologies in agriculture are the lowest among all leading industries, as well as due to the low level of investment activity. Main tools of state support for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex are the direct subsidies and subsidies for preferential loans to ensure the stable functioning of the industry. Analysis of the needs of agricultural producers in preferential loans and the percentage of their satisfaction indicates the insufficient development of the mechanism for preferential lending to agricultural producers on the part of all its subjects. According to the results of the analysis, recommendations were developed to improve the efficiency of the mechanism for preferential lending to the industry, which are designed to ensure the availability of this type of lending for all forms of business, simplify the procedure for issuing preferential loans, reduce the time for filing and considering applications, and increase the percentage of their approval