История и перспективы реализации национальных проектов в сфере экономики

Abstract

The relevance of the research topic is related to the implementation of 10 national projects in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2021, approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 7, 2021 No. 670. National projects are aimed at increasing the socio-economic indicators of the development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, improving the quality of life of the population. The approval of the projects marked the transition from the program-target planning method in the executive authorities to the project method, which was proclaimed by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the end of 2020, with clearer goals, indicators, expected effects, and with fixed areas of responsibility for the implementation of the project for the relevant executive bodies, the authorities of the republic. At present, it is difficult to talk about the results of the implementation of projects, since implementation began only in the second half of 2021, in the face of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current geopolitical crisis in neighboring states affecting the country's economy. The purpose of the study was to assess the prospects for the implementation of the national project of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of economy, namely the project “Sustainable economic growth aimed at improving the welfare of Kazakhstanis”. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that the main parameters, current (intermediate) results of the project implementation are determined and the expected results of the project implementation are presented. Conclusions on the study: the transition from program-targeted to project planning in Kazakhstan made it possible to link the goals and objectives set out in strategic documents (Strategy “Kazakhstan 2050”, National Priorities until 2025, National Development Plan of Kazakhstan until 2025, National Security Strategy) and sectoral plans with tasks that are included in the directions in national projects. The tasks are formed on the basis of these strategic documents, they correspond to the measures for their solution and the amount of funding. The largest project in terms of funding is “Sustainable economic growth aimed at improving the welfare of Kazakhstanis” (15.9 trillion tenge), aimed at modernizing industry, the fuel and energy complex, energy and supporting the export of non-commodity goods. However, not all indicators included in the project for 2022 are being met. In the future, the improvement of the project planning process, optimization of their number, taking into account modern realities, is being discussed