Abstract
The article assesses the forms, mechanism, level, and dynamics of subsidizing fertilizers, using indicators and criteria to evaluate the results of the national implementation of the subsidizing policy. The work considers the efficiency of subsidies for the use of fertilizers, develops scientifically grounded recommendations for improving the system of subsidizing agriculture in Kazakhstan. The environmental component in agricultural subsidies should also be given immediate attention since the ecological situation in rural areas depends on it. In Kazakhstan, degradation of arable land occurs under the influence of mineral starvation and the unsystematic use of fertilizers. The current fertilizer subsidy mechanism does not encourage sustainable land use. The calculations using the developed formula show a low level of environmental and economic efficiency of subsidizing fertilizers in agriculture in Kazakhstan. In the republic, this level for grain was equal to 0.74. Based on the example of the research, the author shows that subsidies can be an effective means of soil conservation and a means of motivation for the use of environmentally efficient farming methods. For this purpose, the paper proposes re-orient subsidies in favor of farmers introducing differentiated fertilization methods.
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