Інновації як інструмент адаптації сільськогосподарських підприємств до кліматичних змін

Abstract

Introduction. The article considers the role of innovation as a tool for adaptation of agricultural enterprises to climate change. The study found that climate change has become an integral attribute of modernity, which has a significant impact on economic development. Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the consequences of climate change for the activities of agricultural enterprises, to develop directions for the adaptation of agricultural holdings to climate change and the role of innovation in this process. Results. In Ukraine, the climate tends to increase air temperature, and the consequence of warming is an increase in the number of dangerous weather events. Climate change is the result not only of natural processes but also of human activity. Climate change has special consequences for the agricultural sector, the feature of which is a significant dependence on natural and climate change. Among them we can note the extension of the growing season for 10-15 days, the acceleration of spring field work for about 3 weeks, the extension of the grazing season, increasing the yield of thermophilic crops and more. However, there are also negative consequences – a shortage of water, the emergence of new thermophilic species of pests and weeds, reducing the area under crops in cool and humid climates, and others. The main directions of adaptation of agricultural enterprises to climate change are highlighted. Conclusions. The main tool for agricultural enterprises to adapt to climate change should be the introduction of innovations: the use of nanotechnology and biotechnology, digitalization of production and improvement of management processes, introduction of new varieties of crops and animal breeds, improvement of technical support, diversification of energy sources and production technologies.