НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ПРИРОДНИЙ ПАРК "ВЕРХОВИНСЬКИЙ": ПРИРОДНІ ТА ІСТОРИКО-КУЛЬТУРНІ ЦІННОСТІ

Abstract

The basis for preserving ecological balance and rational use of natural landscapes is the formation of a system of protected areas and objects. In the Ukrainian Carpathians, on the large areas naturally develop radical forests (virgin forests), the habitats of the bear, wolf, and many rare species of plants are preserved. Thus, the natural ecosystems of the Ukrainian Carpathians in the Nature Reserve Fund of Ukraine are the most represented. The consequence of increasingly global anthropogenic influence became a global phenomenon of fragmentation (decomposition) of the natural landscapes. One of relatively preserved natural variety is the areas of the national park “Verkhovynskyi”. The National Park “Verkhovynskyi” is a very important centre of the natural and cultural diversity of Ukraine. The main representative of the flora in the region is spruce common. Shrubberies on the territory of the Chyvchyn Mountains are represented by thickets of mountain pine. The biological value of the territory of the NP “Verkhovynskyi” is largely determined by the uniqueness of the high-altitude spruce forests. In the park, the animal world is rich and varied. Its biological uniqueness of its territory is largely determined by local landscape diversity. The landscape structure of the park area is the result of long-term interaction of the main landscape-factor factors: geological-geomorphological, hydro-climatic and biotic. The leading role belongs to the geological and geomorphological properties of the territory, which determine the climatic characteristics, the regime of humidification, distribution of biota and soil cover. The dominant position in the structure of landscapes is the high-altitude terrain of the steep-sloping erosion-denudation forest middle mountains. In contact with the Peneplainized highlands, the area has an island distribution in the form of mid-mountain spurs of the main ridge. Characteristic are tracts of convex crests of spurs, saddles and steep slopes. The historical and cultural value of the NP “Verkhovynskyi” district is based on the rich events of the history of the region. The territory of Verkhovyna district is the heart of Hutsulshchyna, and its centre is the village Verkhovyna. The successful operation of the NP “Verkhovynskyi” will be a major impetus for the tourist development of the Verkhovyna district. The orientation of the national natural park for the development of recreational activities will increase the number of tourists, will create additional demand for accommodation and food services that will be provided by the local population. Development of the tourism infrastructure of the park will give an impetus to the restoration and full functioning of the former and the creation of new settlements. Particular attention should be paid to laying the network of roads and tourist routes and their improvement. The scientific value of the territory of the NP “Verkhovynskyi” is high, which lies in the unique ability to study local natural ecosystems that are very close to natural or reference. The article analyzes in detail the natural peculiarity of the national park, and, to the extent possible volume of the article – unusually rich landscape and recreational resources (in particular, humanistic, historical, cultural, etc.) of its territory.