Географія заповідання дендрораритетів роду Spiraea L. в Україні

Abstract

Over the last half century, the relevance of phytososological research has not diminished. Therefore, at the taxonomic and phytocoenotic levels, the current state of conservation of rare dendrodiversity of the genus Spiraea L. was analyzed. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the autochthonous and introduced, as well as phytocenotaxonomic species diversity, which is protected by world, national and regional red and green lists, has been established. Dendroexot Spiraea cana Waldst. & Kit. listed in The IUCN Red List, and Spiraea media subsp polonica (Blocki) Dostal (= Spiraea polonica Blocki) – in the Red Book of Ukraine, the remaining five plant species are listed in the regional red lists of 15 administrative regions of Ukraine. Of the five rare species and one subspecies of dendroautochthonous, only two species in Ukraine are being grown outside their natural habitats. All studied plant taxa are represented in different ways in the nature reserve fund of Ukraine in situ and ex situ. Analysis of the regional representativeness of their distribution showed uneven conservation of taxa in physical – geographical plains and mountainous countries. The network of territories and objects of conservation covers 15 protected areas in the Steppe zone, 13 in the Forest-steppe zone, 14 in the zone of deciduous forests, 13 in the zone of mixed forests. In the Crimean mountains and the Ukrainian Carpathians, the studied plant taxa are not protected. Phytocenotic diversity (three species) was identified, which is listed in the Bern Convention and the Green Book of Ukraine. Spiraea hypericifolia L. forms and participates in the creation of 10 associations and therefore has the widest phytocenotic amplitude. Spiraea litvinovii Dobrocz. creates a separate formation of shrub steppes, which includes six associations. At the co-dominant level, Spiraea media Franz Schmidt is a part of only one forest association. These dendroassociations are protected in five nature reserves, two national nature parks, one regional landscape park, six nature reserves and one natural monument. In the future, the development of systematic research on the conservation regimes of populations and phytocenoses of rare dendrodiversity is seen.