ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ ВИРОБНИЧОЇ ТА ТОРГОВЕЛЬНО-РОЗПОДІЛЬЧОЇ ЛОГІСТИКИ ТОВАРІВ НАРОДНОГО СПОЖИВАННЯ

Abstract

The features of the consumers goods production, trade and distribution logistics evolution are considered. Disadvantages of consumers goods production, trade and distribution logistics in the capitalist economy are shown. The main disadvantage is the speculative determination of the volume and range of goods at all stages of production and distribution. The expediency of the formation of a vertical structure is indicated, in which trade, distribution and manufacturing enterprises involved in the creation and sale of consumer goods operate according to the methodology “just in time”. In this case, the source of the specification for the manufacture and delivery of a batch of goods are trade enterprises that directly sell goods to consumers. Further, the stream of specifications is combined across the retail network and sent to the manufacturer. The manufacturer of the goods distributes the specifications for the manufacture and supply of components between the enterprises that manufacture the component parts of the goods. As a result, the information flow of requests for production and supply moves from top to bottom, and from bottom to top – the flow of material resources that turn into goods and enter the store. This approach allows to reduce the cost of storing material resources in the entire production and trade and distribution logistics chain. But it works only under conditions of uninterrupted functioning of all elements of this chain. The disadvantage of the current state of this industry is the lack of direct influence of the consumer on the products requirements formation. This, on the one hand, leads to incomplete satisfaction of potential buyers with the assortment of the store and the inability to buy the necessary goods. On the other hand, manufactured or delivered on the basis of erroneous trade network requirements goods are accumulated in the production and trade and distribution logistics chain. These disadvantages lead to financial losses and decreased customer loyalty to the retail network. Therefore, the next stage in the development of production and trade and distribution logistics of consumer goods should be the formation of the specification for the manufacture and delivery of a batch of goods directly by consumers.