Режим атмосферного зволоження ґрунтів Волині в умовах сучасного клімату

Abstract

The article a nalyzes in detail the dynamics of atmospheric precipitation for the entire instrumental period of observations in the territory of the Volyn region at six meteorological stations. The deviation in the parameters of the amount of precipitation in the long-term regime and the climate norm are revealed. For the entire period of observations in the region, the annual amount of precipitation is characterized by significant fluctuations. The highest precipitation was recorded in 2008 (779 mm), the smallest – in 1961 (319 mm). The differences of atmospheric moisture in recent years have been analyzed. It is established that under the conditions of hemodern climates ince the mid-80s of the twentieth century the rehas been a steady in crease in the annual amount of precipitation throughout the Volyn region, which leads to a change in the environmental environment of the formation of the water regime of soils of different granulometric composition. Atmospheric precipitation is a source of replenish men to moisture in the soil, causing water availability of plants. The amount of atmospheric precipitation and the mode of their fallout are of ten the cause of unfavourable conditions in crop production, horticulture, and forestry. Conditions of atmospheric humidification in the vegetation period are characterized. The changes in the amount of precipitation during the growing season in different time slices are analyzed based on the data of instrumental observations and published data of the late 50 of the last century and the beginning of the 21 century in the Agro-climatic reference books. Hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov is calculated and its spatial and temporal differences are established. For the first time, the manifestation of climatic changes in the study area and the regional features of the dynamics of atmospheric humidification are shown. The increase in the annual amount of precipitation and its distribution in the warm period of the year in creases the risks of intensifying soil degradation, and therefore the research can be widely used in the study of changes inwater regime and the determination of moisture sources in the soils of the Volyn region. There sultsof the study will be useful for the practice of plant growing and horti culture in agriculture, as well as for forestry, protected areas, which are the canters for the conservation of Polissya biodiversity. Key words: precipitation, long-term dynamics, global and regional climate changes, vegetation period, hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov, dry period duration.