The Condition Of Atmospheric Precipitation in the Zones of Large Lakes of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Numerous studies indicate that climate change will lead to unfavorable redistribution of atmospheric precipitation. Those where there are enough of them, for example, in the northern and middle latitudes, there will be more precipitation, and where they are lacking, there will be generally less precipitation. The central continental regions are likely to become even drier, and the interannual variability of precipitation increases sharply. Some natural systems (glaciers, rivers, lakes, etc.) are likely to undergo significant changes, which can cause irreversible losses in their ecosystems. There are many lakes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, different in size, with different quality and quantity of water. From an economic point of view, lakes are among the most important sources of natural resources. Given the ever-increasing impacts of climate change, an assessment of the change in the amount of atmospheric precipitation is necessary in the analysis, forecasting and regulation of the quality of surface waters. In this regard, in work the features of the temporal distribution of precipitation in 6 water basins, where the monitoring lakes of Kazakhstan are located. The main purpose of the study is to analyze spatio-temporal variability of the precipitation condition in the zones of large lakes in Kazakhstan. The results obtained indicate the variability of anomalies in the amount of atmospheric precipitation in the zones of large lakes in Kazakhstan over the past decades. In the inter-basin section, annual precipitation has generally increased. In the Ertissky, Balkash-Alakol, Nura-Sarysu, Esil basins, there was a tendency to increase the annual precipitation - by 1.5 ... 3.6% /10 years. A decrease in the annual amount of precipitation is observed in the territory of the Shu-Talas and Zhaiyk-Caspian basins - 0.8%/10 years and 0.9% /10 years, respectively. The obtained trends are statistically significant only for the Esil and Nura-Sarysu basins.