КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ КОНЦЕПТЫ И СВЯЗИ МЕЖДУ РАЗДЕЛАМИ ШКОЛЬНОГО КУРСА АСТРОНОМИИ

Abstract

The problem of identifying the key concepts of the school astronomy course and establishing intra-subject relationships between different sections of the course is analyzed. As result of the content analysis of the school astronomy textbook, 42 key concepts have been identified, the knowledge of which is of fundamental importance for the course assimilation. In order to determine the strength of intra-subject connections, the keyword lists are obtained for each section of the astrono-my course indicating the number of their uses, which are actually formalized models of the compared texts. Using special computer programs on ABCPascal, are cal-culated: 1) the cosine measure of proximity between any two sections; 2) the Dice measure that reacts to the presence of words in texts and does not take into account the number of word uses. The paradigmatic connection between different terms was taken into account, for example: Sun – star, Saturn – planet, etc. Matrices of proximity measures are obtained, and based on them are constructed: 1) the graph showing intra-subject connections between the astronomy textbook sections; 2) the graph that takes into account the «distances» between sections in a multidimensional semantic space. In order to assess the integration degree of various sections into the astronomy course, the average coefficients of semantic proximity of each section with other sections are calculated. It is found that their greatest values are in sections 3 (Motion of celestial bodies), 5 (Methods of studying celestial bodies) and 7 (Stars). They are close to each other and form the astronomy textbook core.