Abstract
The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of the type of beam converters in the identification of grain flow in planters. The working conditions of beam transducers in the process of sowing grain crops, types and characteristics of such transducers are considered. It is shown that the best characteristics are possessed by optocouples created on the basis of independent sources and receivers of infrared radiation in the form of silicon diodes operating in the range of 0.75...1.1 μm. This publication is aimed at the implementation of means of control during the sowing of grain crops, its topic is relevant. It is directed to the implementation of the program "Technical means of the new generation for agricultural production", included in the list of State targeted scientific and scientific and technical programs, defined by the law of Ukraine "On priority areas of development of science and technology". The publication examines the theoretical justification of the type of beam transducers in devices for identifying the grain flow formed by seeding devices of seed drills, in order to increase their resolution and quality of registration of discrete objects in the flow. As a result of the analysis of the conditions for identifying the grain flow when sowing grain crops, we come to the conclusion that it is advisable to use optocouplers from separate elements "radiation source"-"radiation receiver" of the infrared spectrum that work in the range of as beam converters. Based on the fact that the registration device includes dozens of discrete optocouplers, silicon light and photodiodes should be used as IR emitters and receivers, as they are the cheapest, simpler in circuit connection than photo transistors and sufficient to obtain the necessary resolution when registering and recognizing the flow of grains.
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