Защита права и примирение сторон: проблема понятий и соотношения

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The article analyzes the concept of legal protection, reveals its features. A distinction is made between protection of law and protection of law. Self-defense of civil rights is investigated. It is shown that self-defense is not an independent method of legal protection, since its result is not guaranteed by the state, and self-defense measures can be qualified as an offense. The concept and grounds for concluding an amicable agreement are revealed. It has been proved that amicable agreements can be concluded only in cases of a private law nature. Settlement agreements in public-law conflicts are allowed by the current procedural legislation, but they can be a means of committing corruption offenses. The author distinguishes between an amicable agreement as a procedural act and agreements on conciliation concluded out of court and having a civil law nature. Mediation is investigated as an out-of-court procedure for resolving civil conflicts. It was proposed to supplement the requirements for the candidacy of mediators with an indication of the obligatory presence of a higher legal education. It was also proposed to supplement the procedural legislation with sections on the procedure for challenging mediation agreements and on the issuance of writs of execution on them (by analogy with the decisions of arbitration courts), as well as an indication that the presence of a mediation agreement concluded by the parties is grounds for refusing to accept the statement of claim and for terminating proceedings on the case.