ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ УТОЧНЕННЫХ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ ШВАРТОВНЫХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ КРУПНОТОННАЖНЫХ СУДОВ

Abstract

The article touches upon the problem of improving the safety of mooring operations of large-tonnage vessels in narrows and under strong winds. The real accident that took place when a passenger ship was berthing in Sankt Petersburg port in 2018 was taken as an example. The proposed methods of specifying aerodynamic composite mathematical models, according to field observations, allow to use them for all ships, including those for which special aerodynamic tests have never been carried out. The considered approaches to field observations for clarifying the mathematical models can be used immediately before mooring operations in strong wind conditions. In this situation, the loading process and wind conditions of the upcoming mooring works should be accurately taken into account. The special observations have been taken on board the gas carrier with high drag superstructure. Graphically presented analysis results prove the possibility to specify the number and capacity of tugs, as well as their positioning alongside the vessel after studying aerodynamic qualities based on test and observation data. It has been found that tug activity at mooring helps to increase the closing speed between the ship and the berth, and to do it under a drift angle impossible with the internal ship propulsion system. There has been considered the system of equations that is used in the mathematical model of ship propulsion, the working expressions of calculating ship propulsion at mooring using tugs being obtained. The full-scale observations on the refinement of mathematical models can be carried out after the ship's departure, in the conditions of specific loading and the state of deck cargo, as well as directly before berthing in the port under strong wind. These conditions allow to take into account the features of a particular berthing process of the ship and to guarantee the most accurate result.