К вопросу об истине в научном и обыденном познании

Abstract

The phenomenon of truth is an eternal philosophical problem. Aristotle also claimed in Metaphysics that “philosophy is called the knowledge of truth”, and Plato considered it the object of the desires of genuine philosophers. For episte­mology, truth is the foundation of human existence in all its manifestations, in­cluding everyday life. Truth is the goal and the highest value for philosophy and science. There are different concepts of truth. Correspondent and coherent theo­ries of truth are more widespread than others, the problem of truth in everyday cognition has not been fully developed, the relevance of which is related to the search for “reliable ways to orient a person in the world of pseudo-realities and flows of disinformation” (V.A. Lectorsky), with the search for the founda­tions of everyday life, order in the chaos of information and events, as well as with the search for the meaning of life. The very recognition of the truth and the desire to know it affect the character, interests, position of people, form the inner world of a person. The most fundamental and little-explored character­istics of the truth of everyday cognition are revealed on the basis of comparison of understanding truth in scientific and everyday cognition. The prerequisites of the classical (correspondent) and coherent concepts of truth containing the im­plicit idea of their synthesis are clarified. The features of understanding absolute and relative truth in everyday cognition and the criteria for the reliability of ev­eryday cognition are explicated. It is concluded that the truth of everyday cogni­tion is an empirically proven knowledge of the real state of affairs in the human life world, based on the available experience, the experience of communication, as well as the socio-cultural translation of the experience of generations.