ЗДОРОВЬЕ В СУБЪЕКТИВНЫХ ОЦЕНКАХ СОСТОЯЩИХ В БРАКЕ ГОРОДСКИХ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ

Abstract

Significance. The self-assessment of the health of Russians, as well as the real indicators of health, is lower than in the developed countries of the world. Studies of this indicator can serve as a scientific basis for the development and implementation of preventive programs in the field of health and a healthy lifestyle. Purpose: determining the place of health in the hierarchy of values, establishing the level of satisfaction with health, and the characteristics of health self-assessments among married urban residents. Material and Methods. Research of the Family Sociology and Demography Department of the Sociological Faculty of Lomonosov Moscow State University (2018-2019) “Interregional sociological and demographic study of the family-child lifestyle values” (SeDOJ-2019), supplemented by data from the European Social Survey (8th and 9th waves, 2016, 2018-2019) and Rosstat data. Results. The analysis shows that health occupies a leading position among life values. The value of health is higher for the elderly, as well as for those who are in a registered marriage and have children. Self-assessments of health and marital status are not unambiguously related, at younger ages there is practically no dependence on status, with increasing age it becomes positive, especially for men. An increase in the number of children in a family has practically no effect on the subjective assessments of women's health and has a positive effect on men's self-assessments. Satisfaction with the children's health grows with the growth of the number of children among respondents of both sexes. Higher levels of education and income have a positive effect on self-reported health and satisfaction. There is an inverse relationship between age and self-assessments of health, as in the whole world, but in Russia, the fall in self-assessments with age is deeper and occurs at younger ages than in Western Europe. Scope of application. The data presented in the article can serve as the basis for a differentiated policy aimed at increasing the value of health, improving the degree of its implementation in the practices of self-preserving behavior, as well as strengthening the intrafamily transmission of healthy lifestyle values in Russian society.