ВПЛИВ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ ДІЙ НА ЯКІСТЬ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ПОВІТРЯ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

During the research of the assessment of the consequences of military actions on atmospheric air quality, general scientific research methods were used: methods of analysis and synthesis, which involve the collection, analysis and generalization of information. Information on the assessment of the consequences of military actions on atmospheric air quality in Ukraine and the world was collected, analyzed, structured and summarized. The main sources of emissions of pollutants during military operations were analyzed and identified. It was established that they can be divided into three groups: 1) emissions of pollutants as a result of explosions and shelling of industrial facilities; 2) emissions of pollutants due to fires in ecosystems; 3) emissions due to the burning of fuel by military transport. A number of pollutants entering the atmospheric air from the specified sources have been identified. All pollutants are divided into three groups. The first group is the main pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, SO2, CO, NOx, heavy metals, etc.). The second group is specific pollutants (a huge variety of them is introduced). The third group is greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O). It has been determined that pollutant emissions based on the required input information on fuel mass or burning area can be estimated using emission factors used in EPA, EMEP, etc. reports. In the absence of emission factors, pollutant emissions can be specified taking into account the technical requirements of atmospheric transfer models. As a result of constant bombings, artillery fire, fires and accidents that occur, the movement of heavy military transport, there is a significant emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. It has a very negative effect on its quality. Knowing the causes and sources of pollution, as well as pollutants entering the air as a result of military actions, is extremely important and relevant. After all, this will directly help to assess the consequences of such an impact on the life and health of the population and can become indisputable evidence for the state when deciding the issue of reparations.