Екоморфічна структура угруповань герпетобіонтних безхребетних техноземів нікопольського марганцеворудного басейну

Abstract

Features of the community structure herpetobiont invertebrates were found with the ecomorphic approach from tehnosols formed as a result of many years of agricultural land reclamation in Nikopol manganese ore basin. Research was conducted at the research station of Dnipro State Agrarian University in city Pokrov. The area occupies part of the artificial plateau created on the site of the quarry mining manganese ore. On the plateau there are different types of tehnosems: pedosems (in the technical mixture of clays caused a layer of black soil with a capacity of 75-80 cm), sod-litogenic soils on the losses-like clay loams, gray-green clay and red-brown clay. On the slope of the southern exposure is an artificial forest plantations. Barber traps were installed in the experimental area in the period from 10 June to 5 July 2009 year (with an intermediate extraction of the material on 22 June). In each ecosystems were placed 3 Barber traps. The structure of the plant cover is the result of successions under the influence of edafic factors and interactions inside the vegetation groups. In the investigated man-made coenoses registered representatives of two types (Arthropoda and Mollusca), 6 classes and 12 ordo of the herpetobiont invertebrates. Class Arachnida is presented by ordo Aranei and Opiliones, Class Diplopoda is presented by ordo Julidae, Class Chilopoda is presented by Geophilomorpha, Lithobiomorpha, Scolopendromorpha, Scutigeromorpha. Class Insecta presented by ordo Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera. Class Malacostraca is presented by ordo Isopoda, class Gastropoda is presented by ordo Pulmonata. The beetles, spiders and Julida were found in all recultosems types. Gastropods distribution is limited by pedozems. Lice was observed in reforestation associations. It was shown that in the study area γ-diversity of the herpetobiont invertebrates community is 235 species. In coenotic aspect of herpetobiont groups are represented by all tsenomorfic diversity, which is typical for regional fauna. Stepants prevalence indicates that these groups should be attributed to monotsenosis steppe. Grouping of artificial forest plantations in pedozems may be described as pseudomonotsenosis steppe with forest component. Steppe regards cenotic component type indicates the prevalence of soil formation, which is inherent in the steppe zonal groups, namely - black soil type. But note is not much, but a permanent component coenotic structure provided pratants pratant-and-palyudants sylvants. This feature provides the basic features of the tehnosem group compared to the group of the zonal ecosystems. The presence of impermeable layers leads to waterlogging tehnosem layers that are above them. Creating tehnosem a sequence of layers that vary in particle size and foldable, the presence of a sharp boundary between them, leading to the formation of water regime which is different from the automorphic soil water regime. During the spring the soil soak continuous construction zone can be formed capillary-suspended moisture and formed a temporary waterlogged soils. Community is a steppe monoceonosis and presented the entire spectrum of ceonomorphes, which is typical for the regional herpetobiont fauna. Technosol organization is directly determined by environmental humidity mode, which can clearly be indicated via gigromorfic herpetobiont spectra. Trofotsenomorfic gerpetobiont community structure indicates a high level of potential fertility potential of the tehnosols and transformation of organic matter into humus accumulation direction.