Abstract
Background. The retrospective assessment of key indicator levels and their trends at the start point of new strategy realization for tuberculosis control in Russia is an important predictor of the global program implementation to reduce the burden of this infection. Materials and methods. We analyzed incidence, prevalence and mortality among general and children population in Russian federal districts, in European and Asian regions, and in countries having a common border with Russia. Results. Presented material confirms the wide spread of tuberculosis in Russia, where the average annual incidence rate for 2005-2015 was 71.9 ± 2.5 0/0000, which attributes Russia to average-burden country. The most important characteristic of the studied period was a stable decreasing tendency of the key TB indicatorsformed by 2015. However, enormously uneven distribution of TB incidence, prevalence and mortality in some federal districts reveals different starting points of the regions. Relatively favorable territories include Central and Crimean Federal Districts, and the most unfavorable are Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The TB incidence significantly increases from West to East. Revealed unfavorable increasing tendency of children TB in combination with the trend described above indicates active transmission of TB infection in the Asian part of Russia. We also revealed the likelihood of mutual influence of migratory exchanges of Russian border regions and neighboring countries, which most strongly manifests on territories with low and medium TB incidence rates.
Highlights
The retrospective assessment of key indicator levels and their trends at the start point of new strategy realization for tuberculosis control in Russia is an important predictor of the global program implementation to reduce the burden of this infection
Prevalence and mortality among general and children population in Russian federal districts, in European and Asian regions, and in countries having a common border with Russia
Presented material confirms the wide spread of tuberculosis in Russia, where the average annual incidence rate for 2005–2015 was 71.9 ± 2.5 0/0000, which attributes Russia to average-burden country
Summary
Астафьев В.А. 1, 2, Огарков О.Б. 1, 2, Жданова С.Н. 2, Кравченко А.Ф. 3, Винокурова М.К. 3, Чемезова Н.Н. 1, 2, Зоркальцева Е.Ю. 1, Шугаева С.Н. 1, Савилов Е.Д. 1, 2. Тимирязева, 16, Россия) 3 ГБУ РС (Я) «Научно-практический центр «Фтизиатрия» (677015, Республика Саха (Якутия), г. Российская Федерация относится к числу стран с неблагополучной ситуацией по заболеваемости туберкулёзом (ТБ). В связи с этим основные показатели, характеризующие эпидемический процесс туберкулёза, являются важными прогностическими критериями реализации глобальной программы снижения заболеваемости этой инфекции. Рассмотрены заболеваемость, распространённость и смертность среди совокупного и детского населения по федеральным округам России, а также в приграничных с Россией государствах. Установлена широкая распространённость туберкулёза в России, где среднемноголетний уровень заболеваемости за 2005–2015 гг. Неравномерное распределение уровней заболеваемости, распространённости и смертности от туберкулёза по отдельным территориям РФ свидетельствует о различных степенях эпидемиологического благополучия по этой инфекции в разных регионах России. Выявленная неблагоприятная тенденция указывает на существование значительного резервуара туберкулёза в азиатской части России. Ключевые слова: туберкулёз, заболеваемость, распространённость, смертность, федеральные округа
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