РАЗРАБОТКА И НАЗНАЧЕНИЕ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПИТАНИЯ ПАЦИЕНТАМ, ПОЛЬЗУЮЩИМСЯ ЗУБНЫМИ ПРОТЕЗАМИ

Abstract

Till present times nutritiology and dietology in dental practice are at rudimentary level. At the same time it is a well-known fact the chewing efficiency is much higher in case of having fixed prosthesis comparing with their removable denture counterpart. As for elderly population nourishment it is important to take into consideration the complexity of receiving of all the necessary nutrients. Quantity and quality of the food diet will directly affect their quality of life.
 Aim. Development of the functional food diet ration for specific groups of dental patients 
 Materials and Methods. We surveyed 244 patients (84 males, 160 females) in the age range from 60 to 85 years (mean value 75.4+/-2.4) with different types of implant supported prostheses. We used clinical, sociological, nutritiological evaluation methods. Besides that we used GOHAI questionnaire and modified Wolfart questionnaire. 
 Results. We defined basic groups of dental patients who have indications for prescribing functional food diet:
 a) patients utilizing removable dentures, especially full dentures, in the situation where antagonists would be intact dentition or dental arches with conventional or implant supported fixed bridges;
 b) patients treated with immediate removable dentures, fixed implant supported prostheses, especially in case of big span bridges with limited amount of fixtures;
 c) patients using removable implant supported overdentures;
 d) Patients older than 70 years of age.
 We established food rations based on intaking soft low viscosity liquid meal. High GOHAI scores (56.1+/-1.49) were the prove of the high efficiency and efficacy of the rehabilitation per se and also of the functional diet regimen recommended to the examined patients.
 Conclusions. We developed functional food diet taking into consideration the short and long term period after finishing the implant supported or conventional, immediate or delayed prosthetic rehabilitation with the use of total prosthesis predominately for edentulous patients. Incorporation of these types of diet regimen in the rehabilitation plan oriented towards increasing the efficiency of the main treatment arrangements.