Развитие принципов контроля электромагнитной обстановки с учетом дозиметрических параметров

Abstract

The article considers a possibility of improving the methods of controlling the electro-magnetic environment subject to additional parameters. There has been conducted analysis of the Russian and international standards on hygienic regulation of electromagnetic fields to reveal the parameters characterizing the interaction between the energy of an electromagnetic field and biological objects. A specific absorbed rate and a specific absorbed energy are quantitative characteristics of the interaction of electromagnetic fields with biological objects. The biological effects of electromagnetic radiation on the biological objects are considered. A promising direction for ensuring safety from the effects of electromagnetic radiation is a comprehensive methodology of monitoring and visualizing the electromagnetic environment. To improve the principles of monitoring the electromagnetic environment there have been considered the methods of dosimetry of electromagnetic fields of the radio frequency range. Theoretical dosimetry methods are based on the use of anatomically realistic computer models of typical biological objects, taking into account the values of electrical properties for different simulated biological tissues in the models. There have been shown the advantages and disadvantages of theoretical dosimetry methods based on computational methods: the finite element method, method of moments, multipolar method, hybrid methods and analytically based methods. Experimental dosimetry consists in direct measurement of the magnitude of the electromagnetic field energy of the emitting object. A modern system of experimental dosimetry of electromagnetic radiation for assessing the dosimetric parameters of the absorbed electromagnetic field energy is presented including measuring probes, a probe positioning system, a testing system, a method for measuring parameters, as well as a control and data processing system. The conducted research makes it possible to identify theoretical and experimental methods of dosimetry that can be used to control the electromagnetic environment, taking into account dosimetric parameters.