Визначення параметрів окремо розташованих породних опор з компенсаційними порожнинами

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the parameters of detached rock packs with compensating voids. Methodology: Analysis of technologies for the protection of development workings, based on the management of the stress-strain state of rocks around the workings, physical modeling using equivalent materials, numerical modeling by the finite element method, and methods of structural mechanics. Results: In the conditions of soft soil rocks the expediency of application of protection means based on management of a stress-strain condition in a surrounding massif and redirection of extrusion forces from a working has been substantiated. On the basis of analysis of the existing protection measures of the workings behind faces the prospects of use of protection technologies by means of construction of detached rock packs with limiting surfaces between which there are compensatory voids left, have been proved. To determine the parameters of such packs and voids between them in the conditions of soft soil rocks, a set of laboratory and numerical studies has been performed. According to their results, it has been established that to ensure the redirection of extrusion forces from the working it is necessary to build rock packs with limiting surfaces in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds with orientation of their greater side perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of production and trapezoidal prisms with their narrower orientation towards the working. Recommendations on the parameters of these structures and compensatory voids between them in the conditions of soft soil rocks have been formulated. Scientific novelty: On the basis of numerical modeling the regularities of stress distribution in rocks under detached rock packs of different shapes have been investigated, which allowed substantiating the parameters of the last and compensatory voids between them to ensure the stability of workings in the soft soil rocks. Practical significance: The expediency of application of technologies of protection of preparatory workings behind faces in the conditions of soft soil rocks by means of rock packs with limiting surfaces between which there are compensatory voids has been proved, and their parameters have been defined.