СПОСОБИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЧНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ У СВІТЛІ ПРАЦЬ ІВАНА ОГІЄНКА

Abstract

In the article Ivan Ohiienko’s views on changes in phraseological units in speech have been analyzed and the scientist’s practical approaches to their recording in sci-entifi c works and dictionaries have been studied. The signifi cance of the linguist’s works for further research into non-derivative and derivational transformations of phraseological units has been emphasized. The relevance of the study is due to its appeal to the problem of phraseological units’ transformation, popular in linguistics, and the need to highlight the role of Ivan Ohiienko’s works in the formation of this area of linguistics, and to confi rm the thoroughness of his approach to the linguistic phenomena under consideration.On the basis of a «broad» view on phraseology, we consider fusion, unity, phrase-ological connection and phraseological expression (proverb, saying, aphorism, catch-phrase, etc.) to be a phraseological unit. Phraseologisms – non-uniform, relatively stable linguistic signs – can change and transform in speech. Among the transforma-tions we distinguish non-derivative and derivative ones.Non-derivative ones concern only the formal side of a phraseological unit or lead to such a modifi cation of the meaning in which the unit remains recognizable and understandable. These are grammatical transformations of one or all components, determined by its (their) morphological properties; rearrangement of components; freedom to use prepositions; replacing a component with a synonym word or replac-ing an obsolete word with a literary one; playing with the morphemic structure of the component in a wide semantic range; expansion of the component composition due to words that clarify the phraseological meaning is emphasized by its elements.As a result of derivational transformations, either a new phraseological unit or a new word is formed from it, or the phraseological unit is lost and transformed into a free combination of words. Ivan Ohiienko was perhaps the fi rst to draw attention to the possibility of «collapsing» a phraseological unit into a word while preserving phraseological semantics through affi x word formation; described the phenomenon of semantic condensation of the idiom content in one component without its affi xation; recorded compound words formed from phraseological units; described the replace-ment of a component resulting in a new unit; negatively assessed the mechanical tracing of foreign language units, which makes the language incomprehensible to the people due to the loss of phraseological image (dephraseologicalization of units).So it can be stated that long before the appearance of special works on phraseo-logical transformation, Ivan Ohiienko outlined the main approaches to fi xing and as-sessing speech changes in Ukrainian phraseological units, and laid the foundation for further research on their nature and range.