Abstract
The study aims to reconstruct the anthroponymicon of the first Russian settlers of Yenisei Siberia in the XVII century. The article considers nicknames of one socially significant group - peasants. The regional components of the onomastic and lexical-semantic system of the Old Russian language are restored through nicknames. Scientific novelty of the work lies in introducing new manuscript sources and anthropological materials, which make it possible to expand knowledge about composition of not only the regional but also the all-Russian onomasticon of the XVII century, into scientific use. The attained results have shown that semantic diversity of peasant nicknames is accounted for by their genetic connection to various dialects of the European part, mainly the North of Rus.
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