아마추어 골프 선수를 위한 코치-선수 관계 척도의 타당화: Rasch 평정척도 모형 적용

Abstract

이 연구는 Rasch 모형을 적용하여 아마추어 골프 선수들에게 적합한 코치-선수와의 관계 척도를 개발하고 타당화시키는데 목적이 있다. 코치-선수 관계 척도는 Kim과 Park (2008)이 개발한 한국판 척도를 검사내용에 기초한 증거를 토대로 수정 (11문항, 7척도)하여 아마추어 골프 선수 217명 (중학교, 고등학교, 대학교)에게 조사하였다. 그리고 WINSTEPS 프로그램을 이용하여 Rasch 모형의 기본가정인 일차원성을 검증 (주성분 분석)하였으며, 응답범주에 적절성은 단계조정값 (step calibration)을 통해 규명하였다. 이때 적합도 지수 (infit, outfit)를 통해 문항별 적합도를 검증하였으며, 골프경력 (10년미만, 10년이상)에 따라 차별기능문항을 추정하였다. 문항별로 추정되는 적합지수가 1.30 이상을 부적합하게 판단하였고, 분석에 모든 유의수준을.05로 설정하였다. 분석결과, Rasch 측정모형에 의해 설명되는 관찰분산이 20% 이상 (33.7%)으로 나타나 11문항의 일차원성 가정은 만족하였다. 그리고 응답범주 (7척도)를 단계조정값으로 분석한 결과에서 부적합하게 나타나 5점 척도로 재점수화하여 재분석한 결과에서 적합하게 나타났다. 특히 체계화된 응답범주 (5척도)를 이용하여 문항의 적합도를 추정한 결과, 상보성 요인에서 문항 10 (나는 최선을 다할 준비가 되어 있다)과 문항 11 (나는 호의적인 자세를 취한다)이 부적합 문항으로 나타났고 골프경력에 따라 차별기능문항 추정결과에서는 상보성 요인인 문항 11이 경력에 따라 비균일적으로 차별화되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 부적합하고 차별되는 두 문항을 제거하여 아마추어 골프 선수에게 적합한 코치-선수 관계 척도는 9문항에 5점 척도가 타당한 것으로 규명되었다. The purpose of this research was to develop and validate the coach-athlete relationship scale suitable to amateur golf players by applying the Rasch rating scale model. As the coach-athlete relationship scale, the Korean form of scale developed by Kim and Park (2008), which was revised based on the evidence on the basis of inspection contents, was used to conduct a survey on 217 amateur golf athletes. And the unidimensionality, which is the basic assumption of the Rasch model, was verified using the WINSTEPS program, and the appropriateness of the item category was established through the step calibration. The goodness of fit of each question was tested through the goodness-of-fit index and the differential item functioning (DIF) was estimated according to the golf career. When the goodness-of-fit index estimated for each question was 1.30 or more it was judged unfit and the significance level in the analysis was all set as.05. The results of the analysis showed that the measures variance explained by the Rasch measurement model was more (33.7%) than 20%, so the unidimensionality assumptions of the 11 questions (..hospitable posture when my coach is teaching) were satisfied. The result of analyzing the item category (7 scale) with step calibration was found to be unfit, but in the result of reanalyzing by rescoring into a 5-point scale, it was found to be fit. Particularly, in the result of estimating the goodness-of-fit using the systematized item category (5 scale), Question 10 (...my best when my coach is teaching) and Question 11 were found to be unfit, and as a result of estimating the differential functioning item according to golf career, Question 11 was found to be unevenly differentiated according to golf career. So the 5-point scale of Question 9 after eliminating the two questions which were unfit and differentiated was validated to be the coach-athlete relationship scale suitable to amateur golf athletes.