Контрнаступальна операція Збройних сил України на Харківському напрямку у 2022 році: досвід та стратегічне значення

Abstract

Background. This study aims to analyze the key factors behind the successful counteroffensive of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in Kharkiv in 2022 and highlight its strategic significance. The research reveals the prerequisites and context of the Slobozhanska counteroffensive, analyzes the assessments of the operation's success factors, and underscores its importance for subsequent events. Methods. The methodological framework of the study relies on a wide range of analytical and journalistic sources, comparative analysis of historical contexts, and the application of problem-chronological methods. Results. The article elucidates the sequence of events preceding the Ukrainian military's announced offensive actions in the South-Western operational zone. It delineates the onset of the Ukrainian Armed Forces' counteroffensive on the Kherson front and the corresponding Russian informational-propagandistic support. The subsequent relocation of Russian units and their deployment on the Kherson and Kharkiv fronts are also examined. The article identifies the key stages of the Slobozhanska offensive, distinguishing two periods: the liberation of territories before and after the crossing of the Oskil River. Furthermore, the study examines the key success factors of the Ukrainian Armed Forces' Kharkiv counteroffensive. The authors cite three main factors: a successful disinformation campaign, intensive disruption of Russian logistics and command systems, and the suddenness of the offensive operation, disguised as defensive and stabilizing actions. The authors emphasize the importance of the element of surprise in the Ukrainian Armed Forces' strike location. The reaction of leading media and analysts to the course of the Ukrainian offensive, as well as the response of Russian propaganda resources, is analyzed. The authors note that the successful counteroffensive and territory de-occupation had a significant military-political impact. From a military perspective, the operation allowed Ukrainian forces to strengthen positions, occupy advantageous positions, and avoid heavy urban combat. Conclusion. Politically, the success of the operation prompted Ukraine's partners to act more decisively and actively support Ukraine. In conclusion, the authors underscore that the operation was properly planned and executed, drawing attention from the scientific community to analyze the contemporary Russian-Ukrainian war.