"한국한자어에 반영된 이른 시기 성모 층위 고찰 — 국립국어원 󰡔표준국어대사전󰡕(1999) ▽표시 한자음을 중심으로"

Abstract

In this paper, among the cases of ∇-marked Sino-Korean pronunciations in the Standard Korean Language Dictionary (1999) of the National Institute of the Korean Language, cases that reflect relatively early initial phonological strata compared to the current literary reading system are examined. The first topic dealt with is the phenomenon in which initials yǐ 以 are realized as r- in some Sino-Korean words such as georyang (擧揚∇) and Jirisan (智異∇山). It is analyzed because they reflect the phonological layer of Old Chinese when initials yǐ 以 were realized as a liquid sound. The second topic dealt with is the phenomenon in which some initials xia 匣 are realized as k- in some Sino-Korean words. It can be the result of analogical changes by the influence of the sounds of similar graphs, but considering the close relationship between initials xia 匣 and initials qun 群 in Old Chinese, and the phonological characteristics of the early Sino-Korean system revealed in the data of place names and personal names in the Silla period, the possibility of reflecting the historical layer of the Old Chinese should not be ruled out. Third, this paper discusses the phnomenen in which some initials zhāng 章 are realized as k- in some Sino-Korean words. The realization of “只” as “ki” in sinographic vernacular writing data reflects the phonological characteristics of Old Chinese. Fourth, this paper points out that the “jang” and “jung” sounds appearing in “jangpo (菖▽蒲)” and “jungsil (充▽實)” may reflect the phonological characteristics of early Korean in which aspirated and unaspirated sounds of plosives(including affricates) were not differentiated as phonemes. This case is different from others discussed in this paper, as it reflects the phonological characteristics of Korean language, not of the Chinese that was borrowed. It can be seen that when analyzing the data of Sino-Korean, which is a product of language contact, the phonological features of the both languages in the contact should be considered. Finally, the cases where the aspiratization of the level (平) tone voiced obstruent initials of Middle Chinese is not reflected are dealt with. Although the literary readings of “皮”, “筒” and “骰” in Modern Sino-Korean are all aspirated, reflecting the layer of the Chinese since the Song dynasty, in some Sino-Korean words such as “nokbi (鹿皮▽)”, “jeondong (箭筒▽)”, and “duja (骰▽子)” they are realized as unaspirated sounds, reflecting the phonological layer before the devoicing and aspiratization occurred in the Song dynasty.