Abstract
The article deals with the activities of the People's Commissariat for Nationalities of the RSFSR in 1917–1923. The prerequisites for the creation of the body, its organizational structure, goals and objectives of activities, powers are studied. It is concluded that this commissariat played a significant role in shaping the national-state structure of the RSFSR. It is noted that his work is traditionally highly valued in science. As a result of the analysis of the reasons for the effectiveness of the work of the People's Commissariat for National Affairs, it is concluded that such results were achieved, largely due to the well-thought-out policy of the Soviet government in relation to the peoples of the RSFSR. The proclamation and implementation of the principles of self-determination and equality of nations within the framework of the new federation made it possible to provide the Bolsheviks with significant support from numerous ethnic groups and lead them to victory over their political opponents.
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