Abstract
The article studies the most significant changes in the mineral sector of the Far East that occurred during the years of reform – dynamic, structural, reproduction and others, defined by the depth of reform novelties and forming of a new institutional environment. The author divides the reproduction of mineral and raw materials base (MRMB) during 1991–2016 into stages by the depth of reform transformations and by their results for the Russian base as a whole. The article shows absolute, relative and structural changes that happened with the MRMB of the Far East because of formation of a new finance-managerial model of reproduction of a resource base in Russia and its reassessment according to the demands of the world market. The author studies the different dynamics of development of key branches of mineral and raw materials industry of the Far East during 1990–2016 and determines the corresponding changes in the industrial and spatial structure of the mining industry of the region. The paper shows the results of reforms of the corporate structure of the mineral sector in the Far East based on the division of ownership of depths and ownership of the products mined from the depths between the state and the users of the depths. The author shows technological changes in the key branches of the mineral and raw materials industry of the region and makes a conclusion about the changes of technological availability of the Far Eastern mineral resources because of large national and international companies coming to the region
Highlights
The article studies the most significant changes in the mineral sector of the Far East that occurred during the years of reform – dynamic, structural, reproduction and others, defined by the depth of reform novelties and forming of a new institutional environment
The author divides the reproduction of mineral and raw materials base (MRMB) during 1991–2016 into stages by the depth of reform transformations and by their results for the Russian base as a whole
The article shows absolute, relative and structural changes that happened with the MRMB of the Far East because of formation of a new financemanagerial model of reproduction of a resource base in Russia and its reassessment according to the demands of the world market
Summary
В области воспроизводства минерально-сырьевой базы (МСБ) в период 1991–2016 гг. В результате наблюдались существенные изменения количественных и качественных характеристик минерально-сырьевой базы (МСБ) страны и ее регионов. Под трансформацией условий воспроизводства имеются в виду существенные изменения как объемов, так и источников финансирования геологоразведочных работ (ГРР) в стране. К 2000 г., когда вполне проявился кризис воспроизводства МСБ, доля собственных средств недропользователей в общем объеме финансирования ГРР в ДФО составила около 44%. Одним из результатов разделения источников финансирования ГРР с акцентом на ответственность недропользователей стало существенное изменение воспроизводственной структуры МСБ по видам минеральных ресурсов. Но при этом основным источником средств на воспроизводство МСБ остаются средства недропользователей (88,7% в 2015 г.), а предметом финансирования по-прежнему остается прирост запасов благородных металлов (Вологин, Лазарев, 2016). Что касается текущей ситуации с восполнением запасов золота, то в 2010–2015 гг. она выглядит вполне позитивной, существенно отличаясь от ситуации 2000-х гг. (табл. 1)
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