Аналогии в сюжетных мотивах якутского олонхо и хакасского алыптых нымах

Abstract

The article conducts a comparative-typological study of the ancient plot motifs of the Yakut Olonkho and Khakass Alypty nymah .Based on the material of the heroic epic texts «Girl-hero Jyrybyn Jyrylyatt» and «Ai-Huuchin», analogies of plot motifs include the first creation of the world, possessions of heroes, miraculous birth of heroines, naming of heroines, main functions of heroines, beauty of heroines, departure of the hero, descriptions of the struggle of heroines with monsters, physical strength of female heroes, laboriousness, brutal massacre of the corpse of a defeated enemy, the messenger horse, help from relatives, descriptions ofmonsters – enemies,and the establishment of a peaceful life. These motifs are common and canonical for archaic epics of Turkic-Mongolian peoples about militant girl-heroes. Originating in the epic works of the ancient ancestors of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples, these ancient tales were transmitted and distributed in compliance with original epic canons. The persistent characteristics of Turkic-Mongolian traditional canons is evidence that the narrators, P.P. Yadrikhinsky and P.V. Kurbizhekov continue the epic tradition of the Turkic-Mongolian story.However, there are not only analogies, but also differences in plot motifs: thus, in the Khakass epic there are none of the archaic mythological images which are obligatory for the Yakut epic, such as the patron saints of the family and children Ieiyehsit Hotun and Aiyysyt Hotun, the spirit-empress of the Middle World Aan Alahchyn Hotun, spirit of fire Hatan Temeriei, and the sacred tree of Aal Kuduk Mas. These differences are evidence that as a result of the territorial separation of the Turk-Mongolian peoples from each other, the epic culture of each of these peoples began to develop in its own way. &nbsp