СВОБОДНЫЙ ПРОЛИН В ЛИСТЬЯХ КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МОРОЗОСТОЙКОСТИ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

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Free proline in leaves as an indicator of the determination of winter wheat frost resistance The article considers the results of the determination of frost resistance of winter wheat, grown in the sowing boxes. The amount of plants survived in such conditions (the temperature of freezing was -20 °С) ranged from 20.5 to 83.5% through three years. The standard variety “Tarasovskaya 29” had 55.3% of live plants. The varieties “Polina” (72.3%), “Volnitsa” (76%), “Donskaya bezostaya” (78.1%), “Asket” (78.1%). “Volny Don” (78.3%) and “Don 107” (83.8%) showed high indexes of frost resistance (НСР 05 ± 14.1%). The varieties “Kaprizulya” (37.0%), “Tanya” (38.0%), “Lilit” (38.4%) and “260/09” (20.5%) had low indexes of frost resistance in such conditions. There have been also given the results of the use of an indirect method - a determination of free proline concentration. The content of amino acid in winter wheat leaves during the period from autumn to spring has been determined. More frost tolerant varieties had a larger content of free proline. The content of proline in winter wheat leaves can tell about a level of frost resistance of this or that variety, comparing it with a variety-classifier with a known frost resistance. A close connection of these traits proves this. Thus, the determination of free proline content can become an express method for the determination of the level of winter soft wheat frost resistance. It will allow getting rid of less frost tolerant material during the early stages of the breeding process.