Abstract
The paper presents the results of research on artificial crossing of red clover, an assessment of hybrids of the first generation of red clover according to a complex of economically valuable features for creating varieties of hay-pasture type. The basis for the study were promising plants in the selection of parent forms, which were sown in a wide range and individually in a row. During the budding period – the beginning of flowering, accounting for economically valuable signs was carried out, cutting plants at a height of 10-12 cm. In the studied clover hybrids, such indicators as leafiness, head seeding, protein content, winter hardiness and yield of green mass and hay were taken into account. Evaluation of the productivity of the studied hybrids of red clover, which was determined by the calculation method based on the mass of seeds from one plant. The assessment of collection samples of red clover according to the complex of economically valuable features for the creation of hay-pasture-type varieties is given. The best samples were selected for the yield of green mass, hay, protein content, and plant height. The initial material was obtained according to the characteristics of adaptability, yield of green mass, foliage and seed productivity. Promising clover samples were selected for high seed productivity, reaching more than 60%. Based on the hybridization of the best genotypes, first-generation hybrids were formed for further breeding work. The evaluation of F1 hybrids based on economic and biological characteristics showed that many of them surpassed the best parental forms. Especially high heterosis in hybrids was observed in terms of green mass, hay, and protein content. Depression was observed more often due to the contamination of the heads. Given the high yield of the feed mass, their winter hardiness, these hybrids should be considered promising.
Published Version
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