Трансформация геосистем северной части Байкальской природной территории (исследование и картографирование)

Abstract

The features of transformation of geosystems of the north-western part of the Baikal natural territory are considered. The transformation of geosystems is considered in the context of changes in their essential properties as a result of the manifestation of transformative dynamics and evolution. It is established that the modification of the geosystems of the region was largely caused by the horizontal compression of the earth's crust, which is characteristic only for this section of the Baikal rift zone. This led to the formation of the Pre-Baikal Depression between the Siberian Platform and the Baikal Ridge. The combination of geodynamic regimes of the weakly active platform and the area of continental rifting caused an ambiguous response of geosystems to climate change. The development of contrasting types of geosystems is revealed-from high-grass fir trees to swampy woodlands of larch with cedar elfin. In the physical and geographical conditions of the area, the strict subordination of geosystems to the higher structure is violated. As a result, unique geosystems are concentrated here. They combine in their composition the components peculiar to the physical and geographical regions of Siberia and the Far East. Plant communities of various formations are represented here. Geosystems at the regional level of the organization are subject to transformations. The basic techniques of mapping the transformation of geosystems are considered. Mapping involves solving three main tasks, which are traditionally defined as the identification, systematization and interpretation of geosystems. They consist in the definition of diagnostic features of geosystems; the synthesis of time and space in a single whole, taking into account regionaltypological specifics, structural-dynamic and evolutionary transformations.