ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННИЙ БІЗНЕС В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ

Abstract

The article finds that recently in the leading countries of the world, tourist services have become especially important, the quality of provision and development of which allows to increase budgets, create additional jobs and improve the international reputation. That is why it is advisable to pay special attention to the development of the tourism industry in Ukraine, which has a strong potential and natural and climatic conditions. It is determined that tourism is a branch of the national economy, the task of which is to create a tourist product. Tourism combines certain sectors, among which the hotel and restaurant industry is of particular importance, which is associated with the service of tourists, locals and other visitors and is focused on meeting the needs and anticipation of customer requests based on customer-oriented service. The current state of the hotel and restaurant business is studied on the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the hotel market development and the share of domestic household spending on hotels and restaurants. As a result, it was found that the main factors influencing this area are GDP, inflation, unemployment, real household incomes, as well as socio-cultural and geopolitical factors. In addition, a significant challenge for the continued functioning of the entire tourism industry was the spread of the coronavirus, which became a destabilizing factor for the further growth of social production as a whole. According to the results of 2020, about 15% of hotels were closed, the number of foreign tourists decreased by almost 4 times, and the expenditures of Ukrainian households on restaurant and hotel services decreased by about 45%. In the new conditions of management, food establishments were forbidden to receive visitors, so they were forced to sell their products only for takeaway. Accordingly, the revival of hotels and other collective accommodation facilities has become possible as a result of partial easing of quarantine restrictions, active vaccination policies, the opening of a large number of laboratories to test for Covid-19, the gradual resumption of air travel and visa liberalization.