Названия военных операций: мотивация номинации (на материале французских военных текстов)

Abstract

The paper is devoted to onomastic nomination as an actual problem in linguistics. The article analyzes nominations of military operations in which French units participated at different times. The nominations were selected from authentic memoirs and documents written by French military personnel, as well as from materials presented on the official website of the French Ministry of Armed Forces. Classifications of the names of military operations are proposed in accordance with their structural organization and subject of reference. The quantitative relationship of onyms within each classification is established and explained. Cases of onymization of appellative lexical units in the category of military operations are described. The mechanisms of motivation for onomastic nominations of military operations are identified and their impact potential is revealed. It has been established that the source of motivation for the names of military operations can be historical and geographical facts, metaphorical or metonymic change of appellative vocabulary, and its symbolization. Using the methods of component analysis of onyms and stylistic analysis of microcontexts of their use, it is shown that the connotative semes of the studied nominations are represented in microcontexts by describing the historical facts that underlie onyms, or stylistic means: metaphor, metonymy, lexeme-symbol, antithesis, irony. Based on the results obtained, the prospects for further research are identified.