ОЦЕНКА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ В ГРАФАХ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

Abstract

The article analyzes the agricultural activity of the agro-industrial complex of the Volgograd region. A study of the value of the yield of winter wheat for a relatively long period from 1930 to 2021 was conducted. The transport component in the technological map of winter wheat cultivation has been determined. It is revealed that when harvesting grain, production transport and logistics systems with mass transportation chains at the micro, meso and macro levels arise. In the agro-industrial complex, it is imperative to work out technological schemes for cultivating agricultural crops and the correct organization of interaction between road transport and combine harvesters as part of harvesting and transport teams, based on modeling methods. The authors proposed to plan transport costs by constructing graphs at the micro–level "Sowing fields – district current", at the meso–level – using the graph "District current – district elevators", at the macro-level - using the graph "District elevators - port elevators". The effectiveness of the proposed measures is evaluated by economic methods. As a result, agricultural enterprises are able to plan their work taking into account new information technologies that ensure higher efficiency of their agricultural activities. The resulting economic effect is only for the individual links selected as an example of each of the levels of a large multimodal logistics system (at the micro level for the link (A_20–B_(1 )) – 61,660 rubles, at the meso level for the link (A_79–B_(33 )) – 625,833.3 rubles, at the macro level for the link (A_33–B_(2 )) – 10,923,680.6 rubles). It will reduce the transport component in the calculation of costs for the cultivation of winter wheat sold inside Russia and for export to Turkey and Iran.