Abstract
The results of studies on the use of sewage sludge (SS) as an unconventional chemical meliorant for the formation of antierosion vegetation cover on sand pits of technogenic origin are presented. Two variants of applying SS on the surface of the technogrunt were studied: 1 - fragmentally with a layer of 2-3 cm, 2 - with a continuous layer of 5-10 cm. In experimental variants with SS, the indicators of biological productivity for the 4th year of life were greater than in the control: plant height - by 3,5-4,5 times; reserves of aboveground phytomass - by 29 and 56 times. It is shown that long-term SS, which has undergone the processes of humification and leaching, is a promising and inexpensive meliorant suitable for increasing the fertility of sandy industrial soil and creating highly productive stable phytocenoses on them. Festuca rubra L. (the dominant species of perennial grasses) was chosen to assess the degree of SS influence on the state of artificially created phytocenoses. The efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus (FA) of this species was estimated by the following informative indicators: the content of plastid pigments, the intensity of photosynthesis, and the chlorophyll index. It was revealed that the highest absolute indicators of aboveground phytomass and chlorophyll content are typical for plants in the experimental variant with continuous application of SS. However, the calculated indicators of the efficiency of the FA showed that the productivity of the chlorophyll unit is higher in the experimental variant with fragmentary application of SS. The maximum values of the FA performance indicators of Festuca rubra in the experimental variants were noted in the first half of the growing season. At the end of the season, due to the strong thickening of the cover and changes in the light regime, a sharp decrease in the photosynthetic activity of assimilating organs was noted. Thus, the state of artificially created stable phytocenoses, based on the estimate of photosynthetic productivity, confirms the most promising use of fragmentary application of SS during restoration activities.
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