ВЛИЯНИЕ СОРТОВЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ НОРМЫ ВЫСЕВА НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТИ ОВОЩНОЙ ФАСОЛИ

Abstract

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are one of the sources of protein (20-26%), the deficiency of which in the nutrition of mankind is already clearly felt. Standing density and the associated sowing pattern are the most important elements of the technology. The correctly chosen seeding rate, to a large extent, depends on the soil and climatic conditions of the area and the biological characteristics of the varieties. Seeding rate optimization is a top priority. The work purpose. To study the variability of seed productivity, mor-phometric parameters and seed qualities depending on the species and varietal, specifics and growing con-ditions. The objects of research were seed plants, the reproductive sphere and seeds of four varieties of beans. The field experiment was carried out in 2021-2022 on alluvial meadow soils, the experimental site of All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing branch of the Federal state budgetary institution located in the Ramenskoye district of the Moscow Region in the floodplain of the Moscow Riv-er. Experimental data have been obtained on the effect of the seeding rate and, accordingly, the density of standing plants on the yield and quality of seeds and beans. The contribution of varietal characteristics and agrotechnical factor to the development of productivity indicators is revealed. New experimental data on optimizing the seeding rate for new bean varieties for this region have been obtained. This made it possible to increase the yield of bean seeds of 3.21 t/ha and 26.71 t/ha of beans, depending on the variety and the density of standing plants. The results of the study are the basis for the selection of varieties, the im-provement of seed production technologies, the development of agricultural practices that contribute to in-creasing the yield of vegetable beans in the conditions of the Moscow region.