Разработка эффективных устройств обеззараживания зерна на основе анализа биоэлектромагнитных взаимодействий

Abstract

The use of commonly used grain disinfection methods based on electromagnetic radiation is accompanied by high energy costs and insuffi ciently high-quality sterilization. The best characteristics have been demonstrated by a method of resonance-low-frequency disinfection, which needs to be eff ectively implemented taking into account the purpose of research. The analysis of bioelectromagnetic interactions showed the ineffi ciency of the solenoid due to the lack of Lorentz strength from the magnetic component and a weak and uneven electrical component. To avoid these shortcomings, the authors proposed improved solutions for the solenoid, evaluated the possibility of using multipolar electromagnets, and developed a new decontamination device with a uniform electrical component (E-fi eld). They also provided theoretically described the advantages of a new device based on the E-fi eld. An experiment was conducted on the disinfection of wheat grain at a plant with a capacity of 400 kg/h with a working fi eld frequency of 600 Hz. For a correct comparative assessment, the experiment was also conducted on an improved solenoid and a microwave installation Sigma-1. The results were subject to phytoevaluation conducted according to the standard methodology. Based on the experimental data, the authors determined the disinfection effi ciency coeffi cient, which was 280 for a new device, 16.6 for an advanced solenoid, and 2.3 for the Sigma-1 microwave unit. At the same time, the device based on the E-fi eld provided a reduction in the total contamination of the material with fungi and bacteria in 3.1 times, the improved solenoid - in 1.8 times. Power consumption was 30 and 410 watts, respectively. The experiment results confi rm the eff ectiveness of the new device based on the E-fi eld, which is characterized by low energy consumption, low metal consumption, simple design, and safe operation.