Курение родителей как фактор нарушения остроты зрения у школьников Баку

Abstract

Purpose. To study the number of medical appeals and the incidence of school-age children in Baku, exposed to passive smoking in their families. Material and methods. Schoolchildren were given 5000 questionnaires; the response was 2363 questionnaires (39.4±0.6%). The collected questionnaires of schoolchildren contained the answers of a total of 3895 parents, of which 1885 were fathers and 2010 were mothers. All schoolchildren were divided into 2 groups: 818 schoolchildren whose parents were tobacco-dependent and 1545 schoolchildren whose parents were tobacco-dependent. Depending on the degree of tobacco dependence of parents, 818 schoolchildren were divided into groups: group 1 – non-systematic smoking of parents (about 5 cigarettes a day), tobacco dependence is weak, there are no visible effects on health – 204 schoolchildren; 2nd group – habitual smoking of parents (5–15 cigarettes per day), moderate tobacco dependence, a number of negative effects on health are manifested – 252 schoolchildren; Group 3 – parents' addiction (more than 15 cigarettes a day), severe tobacco dependence, pronounced dysfunctions of various organs are manifested – 362 schoolchildren. We analyzed the outpatient medical records of children in the district children's polyclinics and determined their medical appealss and the degree of morbidity. Results. It was found that despite the widespread anti-tobacco campaign, in 34.6±1.0% of families in Baku, schoolchildren continue to be exposed to the effects of secondhand smoke, which has a detrimental effect on their eye health. The medical appeals of schoolchildren to children's polyclinics increase by 1.95 times and the level of their morbidity increases by 1.35 times, and in families whose parents smoke more than 15.0 cigarettes/ day it reaches 79.8±2.5%. Conclusion. A wide accessible educational campaign among parents is needed, the main argument of which should be the harmful effects of secondhand smoke on the health of the eyes of children. Key words: passive smoking, schoolchildren, health, eye care, vision protection.