ГИС-технологии исследования территориальной дифференциации и эффективности агрохолдингов в России

Abstract

The article considers the possibilities of using geoinformation technologies in studying vertically integrated structures in agriculture of Russia as an important factor of innovative development of the agrarian sphere at the present stage. The use of GIS technologies is an effective tool for identifying spatial patterns of placement of the largest vertically integrated formations (agroholding) and the level of their territorial concentration by regions of Russia. Geo-information technologies are also an effective method of exploring the territorial and functional structure of large agroholdings at the regional (meso-) level. The strategic importance of large vertically integrated structures in ensuring the food security of the country was analysed. The important role of agroholdings is noted in ensuring innovative modernization of agriculture and in ensuring commercialization of innovation as a result of improvement of the material and technical base of agro-industrial complex and application of new technologies: efficient soil processing technologies, information technology of production process management, agricultural robotics and wider use of GIS-technologies for agro-management and support of agrotechnical operations. In order to identify and investigate spatial and temporal regularity of territorial organization of agroholdings, possible options were identified and thematic databases for GIS ArcView GIS were developed, which are the basis for geographic information modeling and mapping of various aspects of placement of vertically integrated structures. Functional and organizational-management structure of agroholdings is considered. Factors of formation and territorial differentiation of agroholdings in different regions of Russia have been identified and analyzed, the largest land users have been identified and the rating of the largest vertically integrated structures by revenue has been given. Spatial analysis of patterns of formation and development of agroholdings was carried out, positive and negative consequences of their functioning were revealed. The territorial and sectoral structure of a large regional agroholding in the Republic of Mordovia was studied in detail, the main factors of the functioning and development of this form of organizational and managerial innovations were identified.