Эффективность штаммов клубеньковых бактерий при возделывании сои в условиях орошения

Abstract

Purpose: to study the effect of nodule bacteria strains on the soybean growth, development and yield under irrigation on the soils of Rostov region. Materials and methods. Field studies were carried out on meadow-chernozem soils of Rostov region under irrigation in 2019–2021. The scheme of the experiment included five options: control (without inoculation), inoculation with Atuva + Premax containing nodule bacteria strains, inoculation with strain 835, inoculation with strain 733, inoculation with strain 640. Field experiments were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods, taking into account zonal features. Results. It was found that by the bean filling phase, more active growth of soybean plants was in the variant with treatment with Atuva + Premax and in the variant with strain 835 – 117.7 and 112.8 cm, which is 9.2 and 4.3 cm higher, respectively than in control. The greatest increase in soybean dry biomass compared to the control was also found in the variants with Atuva + Premax (by 23 %) and with strain 835 (by 19 %), in other variants from 10 % (strain 640) to 9 % (strain 733). In the bean flowering and filling phase, foliage was also formed to a greater extent in the variants with Atuva + Premax and with strain 835. Of these two strains, Atuva + Premax is productive in all physiological parameters. Strains 733 and 640 are identical in terms of the increase in the leaf area duration. The highest yield of soybean variety Riana was obtained for 3 years in the variants with Atuva + Premax and strain 835 (4.43 and 4.35 t/ha, respectively, which is higher than the yield of the control variant by 21 and 19 %). Conclusions. The conducted studies have proved the productivity of all nodule bacteria strains used for these soil and climatic conditions when cultivating soybeans under irrigation.