Механизм формирования циркулярной экономики: теоретические аспекты и практика Юга России

Abstract

Currently, one of the priority concepts that can act as a theoretical platform for the sustainable development of the national economic system is the circular economy. Despite all the theoretically substantiated and practice-confirmed advantages, the practical implementation of a circular economy requires the presence of an effective mechanism for the formation of this economic model. For the Russian economy, it is advisable to study such a mechanism at the level of the regional economy. Taking this into account, the study determined the content of the mechanism for forming a circular economy. The mechanism for the formation of a circular economy is considered in the work as a synthetic category, covering a set of principles, methods, subjects, algorithms, technologies, structures and resources through which the transition to a circular economy is carried out. The study substantiates the key components of this mechanism and identifies indicators that make it possible to quantify the presence and effectiveness of mechanisms for the formation of a circular economy in the regions of the country. The work shows that, as a rule, these indicators are associated with the digitalization of the economy, the presence of new forms of economic interaction (organization of the economy), innovation, environmental protection and rational use of resources. Taking this into account, the study built a multiple regression model, which made it possible to determine the indicators and, accordingly, the factors that have the greatest positive impact on the implementation of the circular transition at the meso level. The empirical analysis was carried out on data from the regions of the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District. Indicators that positively influence the formation of a circular economy are the share of organizations using artificial intelligence and the number of industrial parks. Therefore, to create a circular economy, governments should take measures aimed at increasing the presence of these elements of the mechanism in the economy of their regions, develop the use of artificial intelligence and establish industrial, in particular eco-industrial, parks. In addition, the role of the state and the formation of a specialized institutional environment and infrastructure, including logistics, are of great importance for the successful transition to a circular economy in the south of the country.