Abstract
The largest megalopolis and the main business center of the country, the city of Moscow, is actively expanding from year to year. In this context, the Russian capital is faced with the challenge of developing and expanding its transport infrastructure. According to the 2021 construction plan of the Moscow Metro the total length of the lines will exceed 450 km, and the Big Circle Line will become one of the longest in the world. During the construction of new metro stations specialists face difficult engineering, geological and hydrogeological conditions. Reducing the risks and preventing accidents during underground construction is relying on accounting of all the levels of the excavation and construction works. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the factors that affect the choice and justification of underground construction technologies. The paper presents the objectives of geomechanical monitoring and measures for geomechanical safety of excavations. Numerical modeling of geomechanical processes during the construction of the running tunnels was made using the Map3D Software. The simulation considered a tunnel of circular cross-section passing through a non-uniform rock mass. The diameter of the cross-section was accepted to be 6 m with the depth of the driving tunnel varying from 15 to 35 m.
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