ВЛИЯНИЕ УСЛОВИЙ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ВОДОНЕФТЯНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ НА ИХ СТРУКТУРНО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА

Abstract

Abstract. The Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the leaders in the production of hydrocarbons. However, the oil produced in Kazakhstan, especially from the Severnye Buzachi oil and gas field, has a high viscosity and, therefore, belongs to the category of unconventional resources with a high content of metals associated with asphalt-resinous components. This problem is common to all countries producing oil in the Caspian basin. Analysis of the development of the Severnye Buzachi oil and gas field indicates a sharp increase in water availability at the initial stage of development, which is due to an excessively large difference in the rheological characteristics of reservoir oil and water. As a result, an oil-water emulsion is formed at the bottom of the well and in the trunk, which can acquire many different states with various physical, mechanical and technological properties. A significant number of works have been devoted to the study of the properties of oil-water emulsions. Oil in the Caspian basin is characterized as viscous and heavy with a high content of metals, especially vanadium and nickel, which interact in oil with asphalt-resinous components. These properties of oil reduce oil recovery. These properties and methods of optimizing oil production were considered on the basis of the North Buzach oil and gas region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The structural and mechanical properties of water-oil emulsions of crude oil have been experimentally studied. Based on the measured parameters, the shear stress values were calculated at the shear rate of the walls, and then flow curves were constructed for different temperatures and oil-water ratios. As a result, the regularities of changes in rheological properties depending on the water content and temperature were revealed and a formula was obtained that allows determining the values of the effective viscosity complex of oil-water emulsions. Based on the results obtained, optimization of technological modes of oil preparation for further transportation and processing in different periods of operation can be carried out in this area. Keywords: oil-water emulsion, demulsification, rheology, heavy oil, oil and gas field, Northern Buzachi, resins, asphaltenes, emulsifier, reagent, turbulence, flow, experimental studies, viscosity.