Шляхи підвищення фінансової безпеки банків України в умовах глобалізаційних процесів

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the basics of financial security of banking with the identification of threats, their systematization into a single classification to determine ways to increase the financial security of the banking sector. Theoretical bases of financial security of banks are substantiated. The approaches are generalized and the concept of "financial security of the bank" is defined. The main components of the bank's financial security have been formed and the classification of internal and external threats to the banking security system has been carried out. Measures have been identified to prevent external and internal threats to Ukraine's banking sector, which should be developed with minimal resources and time to achieve the desired result. The banking sector of Ukraine (operating banks) for the period 2016–2020 is analyzed, which indicates a tendency to decrease (by 42), and the number of banks with 100% foreign capital increased by 6. To properly assess the level of financial security of Ukrainian banks, the main performance indicators for the period 2016–2020 were studied and it was established that: the banks' assets increased by 18.5% to UAH 1,532,671 million; customer lending decreased from 80% to 68%; return on assets increased by 6.04% and in 2020 amounted to 5.23%, improving the efficiency of banks in 2020 by 1.52. The dynamics of the regulatory capital adequacy ratio, the dynamics of credit risk ratios of banks and the dynamics of financial results of the banking sector of Ukraine are analyzed. Measures to increase the level of financial security of banks, based on the unification of the core indicators of banking and their methodology of calculation according to international standards, which will strengthen legal protection of creditors, maintain low inflation and a stable exchange rate, create a favorable investment climate.