РЫБОХОДНО-НЕРЕСТОВЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС В СОСТАВЕ БАГАЕВСКОГО ГИДРОУЗЛА НА РЕКЕ ДОН

Abstract

Purpose: to develop a layout and design solution for the Bagaevsky fish passage and spawning complex near its waterworks on the basis of a fish passage and spawning channel for the passage and spawning of litho- and rheophils and a system of managed spawning grounds for phytophilous fish species. Materials and methods. The factual basis of the development was data on the fishery, hydrological, socio-economic and topographic conditions for the creation and operation of fishery facilities at the Bagaevsky waterworks on the river Don. When developing technical solutions for the complex, the methods of scientific analysis and search-design technologies were used. Results. Taking into account the current state of natural reproduction of especially valuable anadromous (sturgeon, herring and cyprinids), valuable semi-anadromous fish (bream, pike perch, carp, roach) and the special fish breeding significance of the Bagaevsky waterworks, it was proposed to build here a fish passage and spawning complex, including a fish passage and spawning channel and a system of artificial spawning grounds with controlled environmental conditions in the canal and spawning ponds. The installation of a meander-shaped fish passage and spawning channel with a length of 5325 m and a trapezoidal section with a bottom width of 36.0 m and a water flow depth of 2.5 m, designed to pass 100 cubic m/s, with an average flow velocity of 0.895 m/s is proposed. The channel is made with a slope of 0.000338, and its bottom and slopes are fixed with a gravel-pebble-stone mixture of different size fractional composition, which is the fastening of its bed and a spawning substrate for lithophiles. Spawning-growth ponds with appropriate conditions for their use by phytophilous fish species are provided inside the meanders of the canal. Conclusions. In order to ensure the reproduction of populations of litho- and phytophilic fish species in upstream of river waterworks, it is proposed to arrange fish passage and spawning complexes at waterworks. A layout and design solution for the fish passage and spawning complex has been developed for the conditions of its construction and operation as part of the low-head Bagaevsky waterwork on the river Don.