Рекреационное лесопользования в регионах Северной Азии (на примере Республики Бурятии)

Abstract

The results of a study of the recreational use of forests in the Republic of Buryatia are presented in the article. A comparative description of the forest resources of the Republic and Russia is given, the high value of its forests is emphasized. The importance of recreational forest use among other types of forest use in the Republic of Buryatia is shown. The analysis of the dynamics of the forest fund plots lease for recreational purposes, which showed a decrease in the number of tenants and in the area of leased plots was made in the article. It was revealed that this is mainly due to the influence of restrictive measures due to the coronavirus pandemic. It has been established that in the general structure of tenants the majority are private enterprises. There are significantly fewer state-owned enterprises and organizations among tenants, but their number remains stable. A comparative analysis allows us to state that more than 60.0 % of forest fund tenants for recreational purposes are located within the boundaries of four districts of the Republic of Buryatia, which are part of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory. The analysis of the use of the forest lands for recreational purposes suggests that they are mainly used for the construction and operation of collective accommodation facilities for tourists. Differences in the nature of the use are highlighted of the forest land lease for recreational purposes and under contracts of permanent (perpetual) use. A high proportion of tenants of forest land for recreational purposes requires monitoring of the level of recreational loads. The inconsistency of the actions of state bodies, the imperfection of the existing legislative and regulatory framework threatens the state of forest resources in the republic due to the spontaneous development of tourism. It is necessary to further study the existing problems of recreational forest use and develop a set of measures for its rationalization.