Abstract
The article continues the research that the author has been conducting since 2005 year. Some scientific researches were published by the author after signing the Agreement on readmission of Ukraine with the EU.The article highlights the challenges posed by migration processes, demographics, and problems with internally displaced persons from Eastern Ukraine. The causes and effects of both internal and external migration of Ukrainians caused by geopolitical transformations affecting all aspects of society are analyzed. It was emphasized that the intensity, nature, orientation of migration of the Ukrainian population changed a lot during the years of independence when citizens gained the right to freedom of movement. The annexation of the Crimea and the conflict in the Donbass caused large-scale forced displacement of the population, exacerbating the economic crisis and intensifying labor migration.Particular attention was paid to the demographic situation in Ukraine: since 1993 from 52 million people the population decreased by almost 10 million. In 2010-2015, the natural reduction was an average of more than 160,000 people a year.Zero GDP growth recorded in 2013 changed by a decrease of 9.9% in 2015 as a result of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine and falling commodity prices in the global market.The author identifies factors that have both national and regional levels, analyzes the data of recent sources and publications on research issues such as: Report of the Representation of the International Organization for Migration in Ukraine for 2014-2016; recent works of V. Horbulin; research conducted by the «Mirror Weekly»; analytical data, conclusions and suggestions on these issues by Professor Andriy Haidutsky and many other publications.The overall vision of ways to minimize existing challenges is outlined, taking into account the place and role of Ukraine in the modern geopolitical space.
Highlights
Окреслено загальне бачення шляхів мінімізації існуючих викликів з урахуванням місця і ролі України у сучасному геополітичному просторі
The article highlights the challenges posed by migration processes, demographics, and problems with internally displaced persons from Eastern Ukraine
The causes and effects of both internal and external migration of Ukrainians caused by geopolitical transformations affecting all aspects of society are analyzed
Summary
Окреслено загальне бачення шляхів мінімізації існуючих викликів з урахуванням місця і ролі України у сучасному геополітичному просторі. Про потреби країн світу в припливі мігрантів свідчать дані, наведені на рис.1. Основними одержувачами грошей від трудових мігрантів 2018 року стали Індія, Китай, Мексика, Філіппіни та Єгипет [3]. У цьому регіоні банк називає Україну основним одержувачем грошей мігрантів: до країни 2018 року надійшло понад 14 млрд доларів, це на 19% більше, ніж 2017 року.
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