СЕГМЕНТАЦІЯ ТА РЕЙТИНГУВАННЯ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ ЗА РІВНЕМ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Abstract

The purpose of the article. Development of a methodological approach to identify similarities and differences between regions of the country in terms of socio-economic development, assessment of changes over time and identify the factors that caused them. Results. To assess the regions by the level of socio-economic development, a methodological approach is proposed, which consists in a combination of methods of cluster analysis and multidimensional comparison of clusters and regions in the formed clusters. A sample of data on the regions of Ukraine was formed for the period 2015-2020, which takes into account external shocks - the war with Russia and the Covid-2019 pandemic. Criteria for assessing the level of socio-economic development of regions are justified on the basis of critical analysis of official statistical information. Three clusters for each year were formed by the k-means method. Clustering was performed using three different initial conditions (cluster assignment). The end result was clustering, which coincided with two or three options for the formation of initial clusters. Identification of clusters by level of socio-economic development was carried out using taxonomic analysis based on average values in clusters. To compare the regions in 2019-2020, within each cluster, ratings were built on the basis of a taxonomic indicator of the level of development and their dynamics were assessed. It is established that the clusters have a stable composition during 2015-2019, except for 2016 and 2020. The cluster with the highest level of socio-economic development in 2015-2019 included Dnipropetrovsk and Donetsk regions. In 2020, these regions were joined by regions that in previous years belonged to the cluster with an average level of development, including the following: Kyiv; Lviv; Odessa; Kharkiv. In 2019, they ranked first in the ranking of regions with an average level of development. Donetsk region ranks last in this cluster. In the cluster of regions with an average level of socio-economic development in 2020 remained the following: Vinnytsia; Zaporozhye; Poltava. Zaporizhia region in 2020 worsened its rating compared to Vinnytsia and Poltava, and in the latter on the contrary - the results improved. In the cluster with the worst level of socio-economic development in 2020, the following regions improved their ratings: Zhytomyr; Khmelnytsky; Rivne; Mykolayivska; Sumy. The ratings of Ivano-Frankivsk, Kirovohrad, Zakarpattia, and Cherkasy oblasts decreased. There were no changes in the ratings of other regions. The analysis revealed the factors that led to the deterioration of the level of socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine in 2020.